Shiinaha ayaa ku degay Mars

ByJoey RouletteLa cusboonaysiiyayMay 14, 2021, 8:50pm EDT

Shiinaha ayaa labadii robot ee ugu horreeyay ku soo dejiyay dusha sare ee Mars Jimcihii, warbaahinta dowladda ee xiriirka la lehxaqiijiyayBaraha bulshada, isagoo noqday waddankii labaad ee si guul leh u sameeya ka dib markii uu ka adkaaday dhiirranaan, toddoba daqiiqo oo soo degis ah.Dayax gacmeedka Tianwen-1 ee dalka ayaa soo saaray xirmada rover-lander ee taabashadii Martian abbaare 7PM ET, isaga oo bilaabay hammi lagu baranayo cimilada meeraha cas iyo dhulka.

Hawlgalka ayaa calaamad u ah safarkii ugu horreeyay ee madax bannaan ee Shiinaha uu ku tago Mars, oo qiyaastii 200 milyan oo mayl u jirta dhulka.Keliya NASA ayaa ku guulaysatay inay dhulka ku soo degto oo ay ka shaqeyso rovers meeraha hore.(Diyaaradaha Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee Mars 3 waxa ay ku soo degeen meeraha 1971-kii,waxana ay la xiriireen ilaa 20 ilbiriqsi ka hor inta aysan si lama filaan ah u madoobayn.) Hawlgalka Shiinaha, oo ay ku lug leeyihiin saddex dayax-gacmeed oo wada shaqeynaya, ayaa hami weyn u leh waqti-waqti hore - howlgalkii ugu horreeyay ee Mareykanka, Viking 1 1976-kii, kaliya waxa ku lug lahaa dhul-beereed laga diray baadhitaankeeda.

Dejinta ayaa ka dhacday Utopia Planitia, oo ah dhul fidsan oo dhulka Martian ah iyo isla gobolka uu NASA's Viking 2 lander ku taabtay 1976. Ka dib marka uu hoos u taabto, dhulku waxa uu furi doonaa meel sare oo uu geyn doono Shiinaha ee Zhurong rover, oo ah lixda lugood ee qoraxda- Robot ku shaqeeya oo loogu magac daray ilaaha dabka ee khuraafaadkii hore ee Shiinaha.Rover-ku waxa uu sitaa qaybo ka mid ah qalabyada dushiisa, oo ay ku jiraan laba kamaradood, Radar-ka Sahminta Dhulka-hoosaadka Mars-Rover, Mars Magnetic Field Detector, iyo Kormeeraha Saadaasha Hawada Mars.

Dayax gacmeedka Tianwen-1 ayaa 23-kii bishii July ee sanadkii hore ka soo duulay goobta laga duuliyay hawada sare ee Wenchang ee ku taal gobolka Hainan ee dalka Shiinaha, isaga oo safar todoba bilood ah ku tagay meeraha Cas.Saddexda qof ee dayax-gacmeedka “si caadi ah ayuu u shaqaynayay” tan iyo markii uu soo galay meeraha Mars bishii Febraayo, maamulka hawada sare ee Shiinaha (CNSA) ayaa bayaan ku sheegay subaxnimadii Jimcaha.Waxay ururisay "caddad aad u badan" oo xog saynis ah waxayna sawirtay sawirada Mars inta ay ku jirto wareeggeeda.

Lahaanshaha sawirka Getty Images Image caption Wang Zhao/AFP

Orbiter-ka Tianwen-1, oo xajinaya xidhmada rover-lander, ayaa muddo saddex bilood ah ka soo wareegaysay goobta Utopia Planitia, isaga oo u duulaya meel u dhow Mars 49-kii saacbaAndrew Jones, weriye ka warramaya hawlaha Shiinaha ee hawada sare.

Hadda oogada Mars, Rover-ka Zhurong wuxuu bilaabi doonaa hawlgal ugu yaraan saddex bilood ah si uu u barto cimilada Mars iyo geology-ga.

"Hawsha ugu weyn ee Tianwen-1 waa in la sameeyo sahan caalami ah oo ballaaran oo ku saabsan meeraha oo dhan iyadoo la adeegsanayo orbiter-ka, iyo in loo diro rover meelaha dusha sare ee danaha sayniska si ay u sameeyaan baaritaan faahfaahsan oo sax ah oo sarreeya," saynisyahannada ugu sarreeya ee howlgalka.ku qorayAstronomy Dabeecadasanadkii la soo dhaafay.Qiyaastii 240kg roverku wuxuu ku dhawaad ​​laba jeer ka badan yahay xajmiga Yutu Moon rovers ee Shiinaha.

Tianwen-1 waa magaca guud ahaan howlgalka Mars, oo loogu magac daray gabayga dheer ee "Tianwen," oo macneheedu yahay "Su'aalaha Jannada."Waxay calaamad u tahay horumarkii ugu dambeeyay ee isku xigxiga ee sahaminta hawada sare ee Shiinaha.Dalku wuxuu noqday ummaddii ugu horreysay taariikhdadhulka oo ku shaqee roverdhanka fog ee dayaxa 2019. Waxa kale oo ay dhamaystirtay ahawshii muunada dayaxa oo koobanBishii Disembar ee sannadkii hore, isagoo Robot u diray Dayaxa oo si degdeg ah dib ugu soo celiyay Dhulka isagoo wata kayd dhagaxyada Dayaxa si loo qiimeeyo.

 Sawirka waxaa qaaday STR/AFP iyadoo loo sii marayo Getty Images

Dhawaan, Shiinuhu wuxuu bilaabay cutubka ugu horreeya ee saldhigga hawada sare ee la qorsheeyay, Tianhe, kaas oo u adeegi doona sidii meelo ay ku nool yihiin kooxaha cirbixiyeennada.Gantaalka soo riday modulekaas waxa uu dhalay afreakout caalami ahMeesha dhulka laga yaabo inay dib ugu soo noqoto.(Waxay ugu dambeyntiidib u galayDhanka Badweynta Hindiya, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah gantaallada ayaa ku soo dhacay meel qiyaastii 30 mayl u jirta jasiirad ku taal Maldives, dawladda Shiinaha ayaa sheegtay.)

In kasta oo safarkan hamiga leh ee Mars uu ku socdo saddexdeeda robot, haddana diiradda Shiinuhu waxa ay u muuqataa in ay ku go'an tahay Dayaxa - isla meesha ay u socoto barnaamijka Artemis ee NASA.Horaantii sanadkan, Shiinahaqorshayaasha lagu dhawaaqayin la dhiso xarun dayaxa oo saldhig u ah dayaxa oogada sare ee Ruushka, oo ah saaxiibka muddada dheer ee NASA ee Saldhigga Caalamiga ah.